Asset Allocation — Building a Balanced Portfolio
Asset allocation is how you divide your investments across different asset classes. It's the single biggest factor determining your portfolio's risk and return.
The Rule of Thumb
Equity allocation = 100 - Your Age. A 30-year-old: 70% equity, 30% debt. A 50-year-old: 50% equity, 50% debt. Aggressive investors: add 10%. Conservative: subtract 10%.
Asset Classes
Equity (stocks, equity MF): Growth engine, volatile. Debt (FDs, bonds, debt MF): Stability, regular income. Gold (SGB, Gold ETF): Hedge against inflation/crisis, 5-10% allocation. Real estate: Illiquid but diversifying. International equity: Currency diversification.
Rebalancing
Review allocation annually. If equity grew from 70% to 80%, sell some equity and buy debt to restore 70:30. This forces 'buy low, sell high' discipline. Rebalance when allocation drifts 5%+ from target.