Understanding ovulation is key whether trying to conceive or avoid pregnancy.
Menstrual Cycle
28 days average (21-35 normal). Phases: Menstrual (1-5), Follicular (1-13), Ovulation (~day 14), Luteal (15-28). Use our [Ovulation Calculator](/calculators/ovulation-calculator).
Fertile Window
6-day window: 5 days before ovulation + ovulation day. Sperm survives 5 days; egg 12-24 hours. Peak: 2 days before ovulation.
Tracking Methods
Calendar: Ovulation ≈ cycle length - 14. BBT: Temperature rises 0.2-0.5°C after ovulation. OPK: Detects LH surge 24-36 hours before. Cervical mucus: Clear and stretchy = peak fertility.
Maximize Chances
Intercourse every 1-2 days during fertile window. Maintain healthy BMI. Limit alcohol/caffeine. Don't smoke. Exercise moderately. For men: Avoid heat, zinc and folate supplements, limit alcohol.
When to See a Specialist
Under 35: After 12 months. Over 35: After 6 months. Irregular periods, PCOS, endometriosis, or history of miscarriages.